SHA Definition
SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) is a family of cryptographic hash functions designed to ensure data integrity and security.
Types of SHA Algorithms
The SHA family includes several algorithms, each with different hash lengths and security levels:
- SHA-0: The original version, published in 1993, but quickly withdrawn due to undisclosed weaknesses.
- SHA-1: Published in 1995, produces a 160-bit hash value. Widely used but now considered insecure due to vulnerabilities that allow for collision attacks.
- SHA-2: A set of hash functions published in 2001, includes SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512, which produce hash values of 224, 256, 384, and 512 bits, respectively. SHA-2 is currently considered secure.
- SHA-3: The latest member of the SHA family, published in 2015, includes SHA3-224, SHA3-256, SHA3-384, and SHA3-512. It uses a different construction (Keccak) compared to SHA-2 and is designed to provide additional security.